{"id":4041,"date":"2017-02-22T16:15:22","date_gmt":"2017-02-22T14:15:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.peoplesphere.be\/fr\/?p=4041"},"modified":"2017-02-22T16:15:22","modified_gmt":"2017-02-22T14:15:22","slug":"ia-intelligence-artificielle-intelligence-augmentee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/ia-intelligence-artificielle-intelligence-augmentee\/","title":{"rendered":"IA pour Intelligence Artificielle ou Intelligence Augment\u00e9e?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019intelligence artificielle (IA) est sans doute une des \u00e9volutions les plus importantes de notre temps. Ses cons\u00e9quences se feront sentir dans tous les secteurs d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s. Les gestionnaires de fonds, dont la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Schroders, invitent les investisseurs \u00e0 privil\u00e9gier les entreprises qui d\u00e9veloppent des solutions &lsquo;maison&rsquo; en vue d&rsquo;augmenter durablement leur profit sans n\u00e9cessairement toucher aux effectifs.<!--more-->James Gautrey, gestionnaire de fonds et sp\u00e9cialiste du secteur mondial chez Schroders, tient \u00e0 mettre en garde : <em>\u00ab\u00a0la plupart d\u2019entre nous connaissent le terme, mais rares sont ceux \u00e0 comprendre la technologie qui se cache derri\u00e8re ou \u00e0 saisir en quoi l\u2019intelligence artificielle va nous impacter. L\u2019impact de cette technologie sera perceptible dans tous les segments de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et aucun secteur d\u2019activit\u00e9 n\u2019y \u00e9chappera. Les investisseurs ne doivent surtout pas sous-estimer l\u2019importance de l\u2019intelligence artificielle.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Il poursuit : <em>\u00ab\u00a0les plus prompts \u00e0 adopter l\u2019IA b\u00e9n\u00e9ficieront d\u2019un avantage concurrentiel li\u00e9 aux co\u00fbts plus bas, au marketing et aux connaissances. Les nouveaux-venus auront une occasion de s&rsquo;implanter sur les march\u00e9s qui tardent \u00e0 suivre le mouvement. Mais pour b\u00e2tir un avantage concurrentiel durable, l\u2019entreprise a tout int\u00e9ret \u00e0 avoir une solution d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e et impl\u00e9ment\u00e9e en interne. Si toutes les solutions fond\u00e9es sur l\u2019IA proviennent exclusivement de fournisseurs externes comme IBM ou Google, la rapidit\u00e9 \u00e0 adopter l\u2019IA risque d\u2019\u00eatre le seul facteur discriminant. Un logiciel d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 en interne ou adapt\u00e9 en profondeur est une solution plus durable. Des entreprises comme Boeing, Toyota et Manulife sont des exemples de ces entreprises non technologiques qui sont de plus en plus nombreuses \u00e0 exp\u00e9rimenter des solutions IA \u00abmaison\u00bb.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p>La question de la responsabilit\u00e9 soci\u00e9tale se pose rapidement. Qu&rsquo;en sera-t-il de la th\u00e9orie du remplacement des hommes par des robots? <em>\u00ab\u00a0L\u2019intelligence artificielle ne fera pas dispara\u00eetre la main-d&rsquo;\u0153uvre humaine, du moins pas \u00e0 ce stade. Mais la technologie peut aider l\u2019homme \u00e0 d\u00e9gager du temps qu\u2019il peut ensuite consacrer \u00e0 d\u2019autres activit\u00e9s qui, combin\u00e9es avec l\u2019IA, permettront d\u2019am\u00e9liorer les perspectives commerciales et sociales. IBM par exemple ne voit pas sa machine IA \u2018Watson\u2019 comme le rempla\u00e7ant de la main-d&rsquo;\u0153uvre humaine, mais plut\u00f4t comme son extension (intelligence augment\u00e9e), ce qui permettra aux travailleurs de consacrer plus de temps \u00e0 d\u2019autres activit\u00e9s. Les cons\u00e9quences de l\u2019IA ne seront pas g\u00e9n\u00e9riques. Dans bien des cas, l\u2019application de l\u2019IA permettra aux entreprises d\u2019augmenter leurs b\u00e9n\u00e9fices et son impact social sera consid\u00e9rable. Mais il y aura aussi des cas o\u00f9 le recours \u00e0 l\u2019IA pourra avoir des cons\u00e9quences p\u00e9nibles pour les travailleurs.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00ab\u00a0Nous entrons dans une nouvelle \u00e8re o\u00f9 la diff\u00e9rence d\u2019expertise entre l\u2019homme et l\u2019ordinateur va commencer \u00e0 s\u2019estomper. L\u2019impact de ce changement ne sera ni uniforme, ni dommageable par d\u00e9finition. L\u2019\u00e9conomiste en chef de la Banque d\u2019Angleterre, Andy Haldane, a pr\u00e9dit que &lsquo;la troisi\u00e8me \u00e8re de la machine&rsquo; conduirait \u00e0 la perte de 15 millions d\u2019emplois en Grande-Bretagne (50% de l\u2019emploi) et \u00e0 un creusement des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p>James Gautrey pense que ce dernier point ne peut certainement pas \u00eatre n\u00e9glig\u00e9. Mais le progr\u00e8s technologique a aussi conduit \u00e0 une am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du niveau de vie de la population.\u00a0L\u2019IA deviendra sans doute un des th\u00e8mes d\u00e9terminants de notre temps et les investisseurs ne peuvent pas se permettre d\u2019ignorer son impact sur les secteurs d\u2019activit\u00e9s qu\u2019ils \u00e9valuent et dans lesquels ils investissent.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019intelligence artificielle (IA) est sans doute une des \u00e9volutions les plus importantes de notre temps. Ses cons\u00e9quences se feront sentir dans tous les secteurs d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s. Les gestionnaires de fonds, dont la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Schroders, invitent les investisseurs \u00e0 privil\u00e9gier les entreprises [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[65,10],"tags":[1173,1174,1171,1172,202],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>IA pour Intelligence Artificielle ou Intelligence Augment\u00e9e? - Peoplesphere<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/ia-intelligence-artificielle-intelligence-augmentee\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"IA pour Intelligence Artificielle ou Intelligence Augment\u00e9e? - Peoplesphere\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019intelligence artificielle (IA) est sans doute une des \u00e9volutions les plus importantes de notre temps. Ses cons\u00e9quences se feront sentir dans tous les secteurs d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s. Les gestionnaires de fonds, dont la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Schroders, invitent les investisseurs \u00e0 privil\u00e9gier les entreprises [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/ia-intelligence-artificielle-intelligence-augmentee\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Peoplesphere\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/peoplesphere\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-02-22T14:15:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/www.peoplesphere.be\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/facebook-default-posting-1200x628px.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jean-Paul Erhard\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@PeoplesphereMag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@PeoplesphereMag\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jean-Paul Erhard\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/ia-intelligence-artificielle-intelligence-augmentee\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/ia-intelligence-artificielle-intelligence-augmentee\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jean-Paul Erhard\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/7976225ff17988604334abb7b3536a7e\"},\"headline\":\"IA pour Intelligence Artificielle ou Intelligence Augment\u00e9e?\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-02-22T14:15:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-02-22T14:15:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/ia-intelligence-artificielle-intelligence-augmentee\/\"},\"wordCount\":622,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"google\",\"ibm\",\"intelligence artificielle\",\"intelligence augment\u00e9e\",\"robotisation\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Actualit\u00e9s\",\"Digital\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/ia-intelligence-artificielle-intelligence-augmentee\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/peoplesphere.be\/fr\/ia-intelligence-artificielle-intelligence-augmentee\/\",\"name\":\"IA pour Intelligence Artificielle ou Intelligence Augment\u00e9e? 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